| Apr 30, 2001 |
Heart Failure in the 21st Century: A
Cardiogeriatric Syndrome |
|
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is
principally a cardiogeriatric syndrome, and it has become a
major public health problem in the 21st century due largely to
the aging population. |
| Apr 29, 2001 |
A listing of human tumor antigens recognized by T cells |
|
Since the cloning of MAGE-1, the
first gene reported to encode a human tumor antigen recognized
by T cells, molecular identification and characterization of
tumor antigens has mainly been achieved for melanoma. |
| Apr 28, 2001 |
Control of a Genetic Regulatory
Network by a Selector Gene |
|
The formation of many complex structures is controlledby
a special class of transcription factors encoded by selector genes. |
| Apr 27, 2001 |
Sequencing Genomes and Beyond |
|
The completion of the working
draft sequence of the human genome, an achievement as
significant as landing man on the moon, was announced 26 June
2000 and published 16 February 2001. This feat was made possible
by technological advances in DNA sequencing, the process of
determining the order of the individual chemical bases (A, T, G,
and C) in a DNA molecule. |
| Apr 26, 2001 |
Foreign DNA Integration |
|
In hamster cells transgenic for
the DNA of adenovirus type 12 (Ad12) or for the DNA of
bacteriophage l, the patterns of DNA methylation in specific
cellular genes or DNA segments remote from the site of transgene
insertion were altered. In the present report, a wide scope of
cellular DNA segments and genes was analyzed. |
| Apr 25, 2001 |
Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease |
|
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)
are the major causes of mortality in persons with diabetes, and
many factors, including hypertension, contribute to this high
prevalence of CVD. |
| Apr 24, 2001 |
The disabled dendritic cell |
|
Dendritic cells are important
antigen-presenting cells of the immune system that induce and
modulate immune responses. |
| Apr 23, 2001 |
The promise of monoclonal antibodies for the therapy of cancer |
|
The series of manuscripts presented in this issue
provide an insight into the evolving field of monoclonal antibody therapy for cancer. |
| Apr 22, 2001 |
Therapeutic coronary angiogenesis: a fronte praecipitium a tergo lupi? |
|
AFTER INITIAL EUPHORIA from early reports of
successful therapeutic angiogenesis induced by either application
of growth factors or laser revascularization in patients with
peripheral and coronary disease, recent reports from large
well-controlled studies involving vascular endothelial growth
factor (VIVA) (15), basic fibroblast growth factor (FIRST) (18),
and transmyocardial laser (DIRECT) have cast a pall on the field. |
| Apr 21, 2001 |
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling: role of membrane potential in regulation of contraction
|
|
CONTRACTION IN THE
HEART is initiated by a transient rise in intracellular free Ca21.
The cardiac action potential triggers this Ca21 transient, which
rapidly rises and decays with each cardiac cycle.
|
| Apr 20, 2001 |
Neural network model of gene expression |
|
Many natural
processes consist of networks of interacting elements that, over
time, affect each other’s state. Their dynamics depend on the
pattern of connections and the updating rules for each element.
|
| Apr 19, 2001 |
ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON EATING AND PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY |
|
The current epidemic of obesity is caused largely
by an environment that promotes excessive food intake and
discourages physical activity. |
| Apr 18, 2001 |
Direct Transcriptional Activation of Human Caspase-1 by Tumor Suppressor p53 |
|
The tumor suppressor protein
p53 is a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein, and its
biological responses are very often mediated by transcriptional
activation of various target genes. |
| Apr 17, 2001 |
Medicare and Prescription Drugs-HEALTH POLICY 2001 |
|
Prescription-drug coverage is
now provided for the vast majority of persons enrolled in
private health insurance, Medicaid, or plans for government
employees, veterans, and active military personnel. |
| Apr 16, 2001 |
Towards an understanding of somatic hypermutation |
|
The
GC-specific activation-induced cytidine deaminase
has been identified as a key factor controlling two central
GC-specific events: somatic hypermutation and classswitch
recombination of immunoglobulin genes. |
| Apr 15, 2001 |
MINISYMPOSIUM ON OBESITY: Overview and Some Strategic Considerations |
|
The high and still increasing
prevalence of obesity in US children, adolescents, and adults
poses a major economic and health threat to our society. |
| Apr 14, 2001 |
New functions for glia in the brain |
|
The glial cells play a key role in these essential brain functions
of information processing, plasticity, learning, and memory. |
| Apr 13, 2001 |
PREVENTING OBESITY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS |
|
In this review, we address the
natural history of obesity in children, the most
promising family- and school-based approaches to the prevention
of obesity, and the barriers and opportunities associated
with secondary prevention. |
| Apr 12, 2001 |
Generation and maintenance of memory T cells |
|
Recent evidence suggests that T memory cells
arise from a subset of effector cells. The longevity of T memory
cells may require continuous contact with cytokines, notably IL-15 for CD8+ cells. |
| Apr 11, 2001 |
Computer applications in biomolecular sciences:bioinformatics and genome projects |
|
This article de"nes and describes some of the basics of bioinformatics and projects aimed at sequencing entire genomes. |
| Apr 10, 2001 |
Computing an organism |
|
Scientists have been intensively studying
D. discoideum for decades, as a model system
in developmental biology. |
| Apr 9, 2001 |
THE PUBLIC HEALTH IMPACT OF OBESITY |
|
The increase in obesity
worldwide will have an important impact on the
global incidence of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes
mellitus, cancer, osteoarthritis, work disability, and
sleep apnea. |
| Apr 8, 2001 |
Molecular targets for pharmacological cytoprotection |
|
In the past two decades,
research into the mechanism of cell death has characterized
the cardinal features of apoptosis and necrosis, the two
distinct forms of cell death. |
| Apr 7, 2001 |
Regulation of mRNA
stability in mammalian cells |
|
The regulation of mRNA decay is
a major control point in gene expression. The stability of a
particular mRNA is controlled by specifc interactions between
its structural elements and RNA-binding proteins that can be
general or mRNA-specifc. |
| Apr 6, 2001 |
The Ribosome in Focus |
|
The recent solution of ribosome structure at atomic
resolution by X-ray crystallography represents a quantum leap in our understanding of the mechanism of protein
synthesis. |
| Apr 5, 2001 |
Bone marrow cells regenerate infarcted myocardium |
|
Injection of male Lin-c-kitPOS
bone marrow cells (see Supplementary Information) in the peri-infarcted left ventricle of female
mice resulted in myocardial regeneration. |
| Apr 4, 2001 |
Glycosylation, Immunity, and Autoimmunity |
|
Carbohydrate binding proteins activate lymphocytes by cross-linking many lymphocyte
cell surface glycoproteins, including some that contribute to the immunological synapse. |
| Apr 3, 2001 |
Cell Death Inhibition: Keeping Caspases in Check |
|
If a cell undergoing apoptosis
is analogous to an imploding building,then the explosives are
caspases, proteases which bring about apoptosis by cleaving key
cellular substrates. |
| Apr 2, 2001 |
Ca2+/aM-DEPENDENT KINASES: FromActivation to Function |
|
Calmodulin (CaM) is
an essential protein that serves as a ubiquitous intracellular
receptor for Ca2+. The Ca2+/CaM complex
initiates a plethora of signaling cascades that culminate in
alteration of cellular functions. |
| Apr 1, 2001 |
CELLULAR RESPONSES TO DNA DAMAGE |
|
Cells are constantly
under threat from the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of DNA
damaging agents. |
|
