每日一文(Jun 2001)
Jun 30,2001 Medicinal biotechnology products: big problems or big opportunities?
Recently, issues relating to medicinal biotechnology have had a great deal of coverage in both the popular and trade press.  Public confidence in gene therapy plummeted when the death of a study patient led to accusations that gene therapy trials are poorly run. 
Jun 29,2001 Recent developments in computational proteomics
Improvements in quality, availability and utility of large-scale 3D and 4D protein structural information are enabling a revolution in rational design, having particular impact on drug discovery and optimization.
Jun 28,2001 Neuroscience in the post-genome era
The completion of the sequence has therefore invited all manner of aesthetic, philosophical, societal – as well as biological – discussions of its implications. Here are a few perspectives from the point of view of neuroscience.
Jun 27,2001 Signaling Downstream of Eph Receptors and Ephrin Ligands
The study of Eph receptors and ephrin ligands has provided important insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular interactions regulating axon guidance, cell migration, and morphogenesis.
Jun 26,2001 Vitamin C-Induced Decomposition of Lipid Hydroperoxides to Endogenous Genotoxins
Epidemiological data suggest that dietary antioxidants play a protective role against cancer. This has led to the proposal that dietary supplementation with antioxidants such as vitamin C (vit C) may be useful in disease prevention.
Jun 25,2001 Why there are two cyclooxygenase isozymes
Since the discovery in 1991 of a second isoform of prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase (PGHS, or cyclooxygenase), there has been considerable interest in the question of why two isoforms of this enzyme are necessary and what roles they might play.
Jun 24,2001 Telomeres and replicative senescence: is it only length that counts?
Telomeres are well established as a major `replicometer', counting the population doublings in primary human cell cultures and ultimately triggering replicative senescence. However, neither is the pace of this biological clock inert, nor is there a fixed threshold telomere length acting as the universal trigger of replicative senescence.
Jun 23,2001 Exploiting Cancer Cell Cycling for Selective Protection of Normal Cells
Chemotherapy of cancer is limited by its toxicity to normal cells. On the basis of discoveries in signal transduction and cell cycle regulation, novel mechanism-based therapeutics are being developed.
Jun 22,2001 Computational analysis of human disease-associated genes and their protein products
Comparative genomics and sequence analysis are enabling us to identify counterparts of many human disease genes in model organisms, which in turn should accelerate the pace of research and drug development to combat human diseases. 
Jun 21,2001 The ins and outs of signalling
The study of how cells communicate impinges on all aspects of biology, from development to disease. At first glance it's a horrendously complicated business, but some simple themes are emerging.
Jun 20,2001 Artificial ribozymes and deoxyribozymes
RNA and DNA molecules with catalytic properties have been isolated by in vitro selection from combinatorial nucleic acid libraries. A broad range of chemical reactions is catalyzed and nucleic acids can accelerate bond formation between small organic substrates.
Jun 19,2001 The regulation of DNA vaccines
The framework for regulating DNA vaccines has been in place since the first clinical trial was initiated in the mid-1990s. American and European regulatory guidance has evolved on the basis of insights provided by ongoing preclinical and clinical studies. 
Jun 18,2001 IS THE PLACEBO POWERLESS? - An Analysis of Clinical Trials omparing Placebo with No Treatment
Placebo treatments have been reported to help patients with many diseases, but the quality of the evidence supporting this finding has not been rigorously evaluated.
Jun 17,2001 Microbial Genes in the Human Genome: Lateral Transfer or Gene Loss?
Protein sequence comparisons of the proteomes of human, fruit fly, nematode worm, yeast, mustard weed, eukaryotic parasites, and all completed prokaryote genomes were performed, and all genes shared between human and each of the other groups of organisms were collected.
Jun 16,2001 In Silico Mapping of Complex Disease-Related Traits in Mice
To reduce the time required for analysis of such models from many months down to milliseconds, a computational method for predicting chromosomal regions regulating phenotypic traits and a murine database of single nucleotide polymorphisms were developed.
Jun 15,2001 Agrin--A Bridge Between the Nervous and Immune Systems
The immune system and the nervous system share a number of unique features. They are both composed of complex networks of primary and accessory cells that are in constant communication with each other.
Jun 14,2001 Evidence That Human Cardiac Myocytes Divide after Myocardial Infarction
The scarring of the heart that results from myocardial infarction has been interpreted as evidence that the heart is composed of myocytes that are unable to divide.
Jun 13,2001 Primary immunodeficiency diseases: an experimental model for molecular medicine
Primary immunodeficiency diseases represent a vast array of inherited disorders of the immune system. Major advances in the understanding of genetic basis and molecular mechanisms have occurred within the past 10 years, as a result of the tools of modern genetics.
Jun 12,2001 Telomerase meets its mismatch
Cells cannot survive without telomeres, the sequences that cap the ends of chromosomes, so cancer cells activate a telomere-generating enzyme. Studies of yeast now hint that they have a second way to make telomeres.
Jun 11,2001 ANALYSIS OF PROTEINS AND PROTEOMES BY MASS SPECTROMETRY
A decade after the discovery of electrospray and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI), methods that finally allowed gentle ionization of large biomolecules, mass spectrometry has become a powerful tool in protein analysis and the key technology in the emerging field of proteomics.
Jun 10,2001 THE SIGNAL RECOGNITION PARTICLE
The signal recognition particle (SRP) and its membrane-associated re-ceptor (SR) catalyze targeting of nascent secretory and membrane proteins to the protein translocation apparatus of the cell.
Jun 9,2001 STUDYING PROTEIN DYNAMICS IN LIVING CELLS
Since the advent of the green fluorescent protein, the subcellular localization, mobility, transport routes and binding interactions of proteins can be studied in living cells.
Jun 8,2001 MECHANISMS OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL MEMORY
Studies of how homeotic genes are regulated in Drosophila melanogaster have uncovered a transcriptional maintenance system, encoded by the Polycomb and trithorax group genes, that preserves expression patterns across development.
Jun 7,2001 Therapeutic modulation of transcription factor activity
With the exception of nuclear receptors, which are the direct targets of pharmaceuticals, other known classes of transcription factors are largely regulated indirectly by drugs that impact upon those signal transduction cascades that alter transcription factor phosphorylation and dephosphorylation and/or nuclear import.
Jun 6,2001 Multilineage Differentiation from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Lines
Stem cells are unique cell populations with the ability to undergo both self-renewal and differentiation. A wide variety of adult mammalian tissues harbors stem cells, yet “adult” stem cells may be capable of developing into only a limited number of cell types. 
Jun 5,2001 Molecular biology databases: today and tomorrow
Biological scientists today can no longer afford to ignore the Internet. Whether it is used to find research funding, collaborators, current articles, data or data analysis tools, it has changed the way we work and is not a passing fad.
Jun 4,2001 Nuclear pores and nuclear assembly
Between the nucleus and cytoplasm occurs through large macromolecular structures, the nuclear pores. Quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy has estimated the mass of a nuclear pore to be 60 million Daltons in yeast and 120 million Daltons in vertebrates. 
Jun 3,2001 Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities
Pharmacogenomics, by providing new potential targets, will lead to a novel bottleneck, namely, lead optimization.
Jun 2,2001 Macromolecular Therapeutics: Emerging Strategies for Drug Discovery in the Postgenome Era
The postgenome era offers a plethora of potential therapeutic targets.Many of these targets will be addressable using small organic molecules as drug candidates.
Jun 1,2001 Improving clinical decisions and outcomes with information
The clinical information available to clinicians is expanding rapidly. It can enhance clinical decision-making, but it can also confuse the process. To be most useful, information should be available at the time and place it is needed and be specific to the task at hand.

更新于2001-06-30